Natural disasters and poor preparedness Essay Example

Catastrophic events and poor readiness Paper The nation has recently seen two significant dry season a long time in he a decade ago; 1991/92 and 1995/96. The 2000/01 and 2001/02 seasons were additionally plagued with poor precipitation examples of rotating droughts and flooding and a lot of food help was required to turn away craving. A need to improve debacle readiness The impact on rural creation has accordingly been in total negative. The dry season years brought about relating decrease in territory collected for maize. An issue corresponding to dry spells has been the inconsistence and off base projections of the early notice frameworks on climatic conditions as demonstrated in the projections for the 2001 season. There is have to improve the early admonition capacity in Zambia just as improving dry spell readiness, food security saves, seed security, water monitoring innovation and inundated cultivating to lessen powerlessness to the ideas of climate. Flood calamities In Zambia flood debacles additionally happen. Ordinarily floods are a vital piece of most waterway biological systems to keep up a wide scope of wetland natural surroundings. Nourishments bring benefits as they help to keep up the fruitfulness of soils by saving layers of sediment and flushing salts from surface layers; and they give water to normal water system and for fisheries which are a significant wellspring of protein. Flood catastrophes in Zambia have been brought about by stream flooding from substantial or extreme precipitation, once in a while connected with hailstorms which can crush yields and structures. We will compose a custom article test on Natural debacles and poor readiness explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Natural debacles and poor readiness explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Natural debacles and poor readiness explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Len expansion, human control of watersheds, seepage bowls and flood fields can likewise fuel floods. Despite the fact that flooding influences practically all territories in the nation, it is more regrettable in zones where surface vegetation has been evacuated and in low lying flood fields and valleys in the Zambia, Chamber’s and Langue stream bowls. Yield and domesticated animals sicknesses Outbreaks Of infections Of harvests and animals as of late have slowed down fortifications to create horticulture and have limited passage to more extensive worldwide markets. In crops, genuine episodes of the Larger Grain Borer (LAG) in maize drove harm to capacity. Cassava Mealy Bug and Cassava Mosaic Virus crushed cassava creation in the backtalk, clearing out entire fields and diminishing respects right around zero sometimes. There have been not kidding maladies in soybeans (frog eye) and yams (weevils). K The animals sub part has not been saved with flare-up of Corridor Disease (East Coast Fever) being one of the miserable scenes that has been liable for disappointment of scoundrels in Southern region. A few families have lost entire crowds of steers and its chaperon advantages of compost, milk, draft force, and meat-National cows populace diminished from 5. Million of every 1 996 to 1. 2 million out of 2000. The impact on draft force and food security was annihilating. Different genuine dairy cattle infections have included Transmissions, foot and mouth ailment, and Contagious Bovine Pleura Pneumonia (CUP). In the pig sub-division, visit flare-ups of pig fever have limited the development and attractiveness of pigs and pork items. The post Newspapers Zambia†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Ungulate/2010 Disaster the executives By Robbie Muskie, Associate †African Center for Disaster S on Wednesday 07 April 2010, CAT (706 Reads) Editor, The article on ‘Floods: what should be finished? ND different articles about floods around the nation by your journalists made tragic perusing, yet what is progressively excruciating is that numerous individuals realized these floods will undoubtedly occur. Catastrophic events, for example, floods in a network resemble a malignant growth in the body of an individual if not managed in the beginning times it spreads and gets extreme with time. This is what will befall cataclysmic events, for example, floods in Zambia except if he government treats the reasons for these floods with reality. While dangers of cataclysmic events everywhere throughout the world are constantly rewarded and dealt with most extreme consideration as a result of the death toll and property that follows when they happen, in Zambia the individuals given the position to manage these catastrophic events accept we can just get ready for them and not forestall them as affirmed in the Zambia National Contingency Plan 09/10. In Zambia, we despite everything feel we can spill out of the catastrophic events utilizing political strategies and plots and trusting everything will before long be turn and everyone can come back to nothing new. Indicating a ton of care and compassi on toward inside dislodged individuals (DIP) and different casualties of floods isn't the arrangement. Compassion ought to have been appeared to them when they were being misused by the individuals who distributed plots to them. Decreasing fiasco helplessness in Zambia will require improving information about the probability and outcomes of catastrophic events, enabling people, networks and open offices with the information and power to bring down hazard before debacles happen. This information will help the lift offices and units to have power to react adequately to risks before fiascos strike. Expanding this information and authority in Zambia will rely upon how far the Zambia government is happy to open up the field of fiasco the board to specialists in science and innovation who can manage these issues altogether and authorize the previously existing laws on urban and nation arranging. Fiasco the executives advisory groups at all levels in the nation are right now a confidants voting public whose sythesis and structure avoids specialists who can offer autonomous specialized guidan ce to decrease and respectful these catastrophic events. Overseeing without philosophy Editor The MD administration is frightened of losing races since they would prefer not to join the jobless populace which they have made. In the event that they had made occupations in the private segment, this MD initiative would not have been so frightened of losing the 2011 decisions since they would effortlessly acquire different employments in the wake of leaving office. In any case, time is against this gathering. The more the MD remains in power, the more befuddled the gathering becomes to a normal Zambia for what precisely is the Mad’s reasoning? The gathering does not have the philosophy to administer. They can't e financial moderates as a result of gigantic bungle of open assets, nor would they be able to be blamed for being constitutionalists in light of their divided perspective on the Constitution. They are neither democrats because of their absence of dynamic thoughts on issues like opportunity of data. I surmise, they are as yet a development as the gathering name proposes †a gathering looking for character. It is this absence of philosophy which has made Rapid Band’s possibilities of winning the 201 1 surveys a troublesome undertaking. He has no stage or standards to follow. Zambia have proceeded onward and are taking a gander at the IF-UPEND settlement as the other option. The MD was given an opportunity since 1991 to make employments, increment the lowest pay permitted by law, implement work norms, cause speculation to bring income, improve social insurance conveyance and instruction framework, however they fumbled the political capital which Zambia presented on it. Concerned resident State of Lulus West Editor, The ongoing executing of Agenda cerebral pains would have been maintained a strategic distance from on the off chance that anybody thought about the in dividuals of Lulus. For a considerable length of time, the individuals in the zone have been weeping for a police headquarters in Lulus West however their cries have been failing to receive any notice. The administration is to be faulted for the demise of Osaka and the frantic circumstance in Lulus West. This uncouth demonstration is a hit to us as a people and the educating calling. The departure of an instructor like Mr. Osaka who was among the couple of Zambia that had consented to spare the poor in remote rustic schools and networks is really dispiriting. In this age, how might you have a voting demographic without a solitary police post. A spot where 90 percent of the houses for educators are grass-covered. Instructors in provincial schools have been ignored by the administration. The administration doesn't appear to have any plans of dealing with the security of government employees in outrageous purposes of the locale separated from the installment of enthusiastic compensatio ns.

Advancement in Science and Technology Research is a peer-reviewed open access journal published quarterly Essay

Headway in Science and Technology Research targets giving a stage to specialists, architects, researchers, and teachers to distribute their unique research results, to trade new thoughts, to scatter data in imaginative structures, designing encounters and innovative aptitudes. It is additionally the Journal’s target to advance designing and innovation instruction. The papers for distribution in Advancement in Science and Technology Research are chosen through thorough friend audits to guarantee creativity, practicality, pertinence, and clarity. Advances in Science and Technology is an unpredictable arrangement introducing the Proceedings of CIMTEC, International Cermics Congress and Forum on New Materials. The arrangement is distributed for the benefit of TECHNA GROUP, Faenza, Italy. With the second survey meeting of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) drawing nearer in April, a pile of studies have showed up clarifying that essential changes in science and innovation are influencing the execution of the settlement and that it must be adjusted to assess them.[1] The most critical advancement is the insurgency in the existence sciences and related innovations, including a developing cover among science and science. There is a tremendously expanded comprehension of the working of organic frameworks because of the mapping of the human and different genomes just as of advances in auxiliary science and the investigation of proteins (proteomics). Data innovation and designing standards are progressively incorporated into science. The crossing point among science and science has additionally extended thanks to a limited extent to the computerization of amalgamation and screening of substance mixes empowering research centers to evaluate immense quantities of new synthetic structures and a much-improved comprehension of how certain â€Å"chemicals of natural origin† act. Mechanical advances supplement these patterns, for instance, accommodating increasingly effective methods for conveying naturally dynamic synthetic concoctions to target popu laces or focusing on organs and receptors inside a living being. These advancements are relied upon to bring numerous advantages, including new clinical medications and strategies for bug control. Simultaneously, the ability to find or plan new substance structures that may have utility as compound fighting specialists has likewise expanded altogether. Novel operators can be made definitely more rapidly than any other time in recent memory. Furthermore, propels in assembling innovation have abbreviated other time prerequisites, empowering alternate ways in the movement from innovative work to full-scale fabricating. Changes in the substance business have scattered innovation and offices, convoluting check and customary restraint procedures. Thus, the time and exertion expected to handle another substance weapon has contracted, especially in the beginning times, while the ability to identify such activities has not developed altogether. These patterns and an as of late expanded enthusiasm for the utilization of incapacitants for law implementation purposes raise at any rate the danger that states could skirt or rapidly break out of the CWC preclusions on creating and obtaining substance weapons. It has additionally broadened the cover between the two in any case very independent arrangements administering synthetic and organic weapons, the CWC and the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC). States-parties need to adjust the execution of the CWC to represent these progressions or hazard decreasing trust in its adequacy and jeopardizing its practicality.

The Desire of Love in “A Mercy”

â€Å"Love is the powerful want to be wanted overwhelmingly. † †Robert Frost The origination of adoration all through the novel changes radically from honest to a feeling of abandonment. The manner in which Florence gives her adoration for the smithy outlines to the peruser her freshness with the feeling. Love was a really troublesome point to compose on as a result of the way that the novel was described by such a significant number of various characters from start to finish. The incongruity based on adoration is was fundamentally the way that the metalworker doesn’t feel a similar route for Florence as she feels for him.Later on in the novel I saw lastly comprehended the title of the novel â€Å"A Mercy. † It was essentially a result of the Love of a human. Shown in the finishing up sections Morrison states â€Å"It was not a supernatural occurrence. Offered by God. It was a leniency. Offered by a human. † Love is regularly characterized as an extra ordinary sentiment of profound fondness, and the manner in which Florence communicated her affection for the metal forger underlined her childhood in age as well as with the feeling itself. Florence gave reliable indications of enviously and sharpness since she had the option to deal with such affection.She was normally severe with the idea of her mom parting with her when she was more youthful, not knowing the explanation behind her mother’s judicious choice. One way Florence indicated her desirously was the point at which the metal forger embraced a little fellow and started giving him more consideration than he gave Florence. Florence, surpass by desirously and rage got into a physical fight with the little youngster and at long last wound up breaking the child’s arm. Florence says in part 9 that she didn’t attempt to hurt the youthful chap, she just needed him to quit crying, yet she additionally proceeds to state how she heard his shoulder break however pro ceeded in any case (164).This is the thing that drives me to imagine that it was done out of her desirously and rage and not by different less unsafe methods. The episode not just caused an immense debate among her and the metalworker yet it likewise anticipated to the peruser that Florence couldn't acknowledge the way that the metal forger could show friendship for another person, other than her. â€Å"You see the kid down and accept awful about me beyond a shadow of a doubt? † (165) Florence really expounds talking about how the metalworker came into the room and his quick supposition that was that Florence had planned something for hurt the boy.The portion that I think hurt Florence the most (165) was the point at which he said to her â€Å"You are only wild. No requirement. No brain. † Basically disclosing to Florence she is as wild as an outside creature and can’t control herself or her feelings. Like a little child Florence pines for freedom and considerat ion yet from the exercises that Florence experienced from quite a while ago, she additionally fears departure. As I expressed previously, Florence and the metalworker got into a physical quarrel and the metal forger wound up striking Florence and he deserted her by advising her to leave the nearness of him and his received son.Not just did the smithy plan to hurt Florence genuinely however he likewise endeavored to hurt her verbally in light of the fact that after her advised her to leave his essence her considered her a (166) â€Å"slave by decision in both kid and psyche. † In the novel Morrison looks at this feeling of deserting to that of a recognizable inclination Florence felt when she was surrendered during childbirth. Realizing that that occasion frightened Florence adversely forever, it truly enables the peruser to feel the rage of the passionate exciting ride Florence is feeling now in the novel knowing she simply lost a man she gave it a second thought so profoundl y about.The love Florence has/had for the metal forger soon des and go essentially to scorn since she still can’t understand the mix-up she made in harming Malik. Truly as I would like to think the metal forger wasn't right for striking her yet she was to some degree fortunate that that was everything he did. (184) Later, on in section 11 Florence expounds more on her end cites in part 9 which was â€Å"the hooks scratch and scratch until the mallet is in my hand† (167).But in section 11 Florence gets into another tussle with the metalworker (184) in which she hits him with a sledge and cuts him seriously with tongs before she flees. Later on in this part and the first section (195) is the place perusers realize why the novel is titled â€Å"A Mercy. † The tale is named for Jacobs consent to spare Florence from an actual existence that would have been more terrible than the one she experience on the Vaarks ranch. â€Å"It was Not a marvel offered bu God. It was a kindness. Offered by a human†

A Review of Writingservices

A Review of Writingservices Writingservices - Overview It's not a secret that each and every assignment needs to be submitted in time, if you aim to find any grade. Giving the job to an in-house executive may lead to writing style that's contentious because everyone within your organization will probably have views on what's an appropriate and `correct' style. It isn't easy to take in both at the very same moment. They've been in this business for quite a long time and all its peculiarities. Professional Writing Help Our platform is generated for fast and simple fixes along with long-term guidance. You don't know what counterarguments your dialog partner will have and the one thing you could do is to predict them. The perfect way to attain a unified writing style that's stamped with your company personality is to produce a document known as a style-guide. 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Our work is to guarantee that ea ch client is matched with the most proper expert, which means you maximize our services. We're a responsible writing service and won't deliver what it is possible to find elsewhere. A professional writing service can make all of the difference on earth. You'll have to give us information about just what the essay requires, how soon you need this, and how much time it has to be. If you would like to understand what an essay writing service can do for you, continue reading to find a complete rundown of our expert services. Such an essay doesn't ask you to reveal your thoughts about the subject. Possessing an essay that's well-written is now in your reach. Among the tricks isn't to select a side ahead of doing a research study. We can readily determine your aims and take direction only after the comprehensive analysis. It's the research or discovery process that's the most onerous portion of the job. 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How Did the Month of February Get Its Name

As the month best known for Valentine’s Day—a legendary saint beheaded for his religious convictions, not his passion for true love—February had close ties to ancient Rome. Apparently, the Roman king  Numa Pompilius  divided the year  into twelve months, while Ovid  suggests  the  decemviri  moved it  to the second month of the year.  Its nominal origins also hailed from the Eternal City, but where did February get its magical moniker? Ancient Rituals...or Purell? In 238 A.D., the grammarian Censorinus  composed his De die natali, or The Birthday Book,  in which he wrote about everything from calendric cycles to the basic chronology of the world. Censorinus clearly had a passion for time, so he delved into the origins of the months, as well. January was named for the double-headed god Janus, who looked into the past (the old year) and present-future (the new year), but its follow-up was called after â€Å"the old word februum,† writes Censorinus. What’s februum, you may ask? A means of ritual purification. Censorinus claims that â€Å"anything that consecrates or purifies is a februum,† while februamenta signifies rites of purification. Items can become purified, or februa, â€Å"in different ways in different rites.† The poet Ovid concurs on this origin, writing in his Fasti that â€Å"the fathers of Rome called purification februa; the word (and maybe the rite) was of Sabine origin, according to Varro’s On the Latin Language.  Purification was a big deal, as Ovid mockingly quotes, â€Å"Our ancestors believed every sin and cause of evil/Could be erased by rites of purification.† The sixth-century A.D. writer Johannes Lydius had a slightly different interpretation, stating, â€Å"The name of the month of February came from the goddess called Februa; and the Romans understood Februa as an overseer and purifier of things.† Johannes stated that Februus meant â€Å"the underground one† in Etruscan, and that deity was worshipped for fertility purposes. But this may have been an innovation specific to Johannes’s sources.   I Want to Go to the Festival So what cleansing ceremony occurred during the second thirty days of the New Year that was important enough to merit a month being named after it? There wasn’t one in particular; February had tons of cleansing rituals. Even St. Augustine got on this in The City of God when he says â€Å"†¦in the month of February ... the sacred purgation takes place, which they call februum, and from which the month get its name.†Ã‚   Pretty much anything could become a februum.  At that time, Ovid says the high priests would â€Å"ask the King [the rex sacrorum, a high-ranking priest] and the Flamen [Dialis]/for woollen cloths, called februa in the ancient tongue†; during this time, â€Å"houses are cleansed [with] the roasted grain and salt,† given to  the lictor, a bodyguard to an important Roman official. Another means of purification is given to a branch from a tree whose leaves were worn in a priestly crown. Ovid quips wryly, â€Å"In short anything used to purify our bodies/had that title [of februa] in the days of our hairy ancestors.† Even whips and woodland gods were purifiers! According to Ovid, the Lupercalia  features another kind of februum, something that was a little more SM.  It took place in mid-February  and celebrated the wild sylvan god Faunus (a.k.a.  Pan).  During the festival, nude priests called Luperci performed ritual purification by whipping spectators, which also promoted  fertility. As Plutarch writes in his Roman Questions, â€Å"this performance constitutes a rite of purification of the city,† and they struck â€Å"with a kind of leather thong they call februare, the word meaning ‘to purify.’† The Lupercalia, which Varro says â€Å"was called also Februatio, Festival of Purification,’†Ã‚  decontaminated the city of Rome itself. As Censorinus observes, â€Å"So the Lupercalia is more properly called Februatus, ‘purified, and therefore the month is called February.† February: Month of  the Dead? But February wasnt just a month of cleanliness! To be fair, though, purification and ghosts arent all that different. In order to create a cleansing ritual, one must sacrifice a ritual victim, whether flowers, food, or a bull. Originally, this was the last month of the year, dedicated to the ghosts of the deceased, thanks to its ancestor-worshipping festival of Parentalia. During that holiday, temple doors were  closed and sacrificial fires were doused to avoid malevolent influences influencing holy places. Johannes Lydius even theorizes the months name came from feber, or lamentation, because this was the time when people would mourn the departed. It was filled with rituals of propitiation and purification in order to placate angry ghosts from haunting the living during festival time, as well as to send them back whence they came after the New Year. February came after the dead went back to their spectral homes. As Ovid notes, this â€Å"time is pure, having placated the dead/When the days devoted to the departed are over.† Ovid mentions another festival called Terminalia and recalls, â€Å"February that follows was once last in the ancient year/And your worship, Terminus, closed the sacred rites.† Terminus was the perfect deity to celebrate at the end of the year since he reigned over boundaries.  At the end of the month was his holiday, celebrating the god of boundaries who, according to Ovid, â€Å"separates the fields with his sign and â€Å"set[s] bounds to peoples, cities, great kingdoms.† And establishing the boundaries between the living and dead, pure and impure, sounds like a great job!

A Different Path Than Most Of My Peers - 1940 Words

I have always taken a different path than most of my peers. Sometimes I am told I do things the hard way but the hard way is necessary when the path that’s available isn’t the one you want to take. I am an entrepreneur and I enjoy creating paths. Ever since I was little I always had a project or business I was working on and I was always on the lookout for things people wanted but didn’t have enough of. When I was seven years old, I created and sold subscriptions to the Jackson Times; a family newspaper that portrayed important household events of the week. In the next few years, I created a pen and pencil trading business in school that while successful, netted me by summer over 50 pens, pencils, and erasers that I couldn’t possibly use myself. The surplus taught me to plan all the way to the end right from the beginning. Now as I plan my life, I realize what an enormous impact a formal education can have. High school for me was a formative period and had a great impact on how I see the world today. I took an interest in reading philosophers such as Plato and toying with ideas about the self-motivation of humans. After finding a few likeminded individuals, we formed the Philosophy Club; a place where we could discuss, debate, and hear each other out. One of my favorite activities that we did was recruiting guest members to share their opinions on certain subjects and then challenging them to see our perspectives as well. Learning how to hear other people out and how twoShow MoreRelatedMy Strengths And Weaknesses Of A Student906 Words   |  4 PagesI have enjoyed my educational experience. I have enjoyed learning new concepts and interacting with new people. Of course, there are obstacles along the way. However, these obstacles have given me the opportunity to realize my strengths and weaknesses and learn to improve in both areas. As a student, I hold onto my perseverance, seek guidance from influential figures in my life, and embr ace my challenges to which all contribute to my hope to become the finest version of myself. My greatest strengthRead MoreNarrative Essay About The Road Not Taken1189 Words   |  5 Pagesdirection or path we must follow, as it is impossible to dictate what the future holds. The choices we make are crucial, as they decide whether our future will have a good or a bad outcome. Once you set out on a journey down a specific path, you cannot go back. You can attempt to figure out your future, but the future is mysterious and unknown. You can only see so much down the path. Who knows what it may hold? The poem, â€Å"The Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost, relates to my life as I discover my passionsRead MoreReflection Essay : Profound Moment 1637 Words   |  7 PagesCarlos Benavides Professor Finn ENGW 1111 22 September 2016 Profound Moment It is dark. 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Market Expansion Opportunity of Rio Tinto-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the strategic management and market expansion opportunity of Rio Tinto. Answer: Introduction In this report, detailed strategic management of Rio Tinto Group is presented. Rio Tinto Group is one of the major organisations in Australia and this report has explained the chance of market entry in a specific market of European and Asian contexts. The macro-environment analysis, geopolitical risks and opportunities, business policies and trade and overall market attractiveness are presented. In this report, secondary data has been used. Overview of Rio Tinto Rio Tinto Group is a public company that is operating in mining and metals industry. Rio Tinto is an Australian-British multinational organisation and it has its share in both Australian and British market. It was established in the year 1873 by a multinational consortium as this group of investors purchased my complex on Rio Tinto in Spain from the Spanish government (Riotinto.com 2017). It has it headquarter in London and on Melbourne. This organisation followed a number of mergers and acquisitions to make itself a bigger organisation. It produces the commodities like uranium, coal, diamonds, copper and iron ore. The primary objective of the organisation is to extract the minerals from Iron Ore and Bauxite. Revenue of the organisation was USD33.78 billion and profit were USD4.76 billion in 2016. Identification of two countries selected for market entry It is serving in worldwide basis and it has operation teams in six continents and it is focusing mainly in Australia and Canada right now. In this report, in the Asian market, Saudi Arabia is selected and in the European market, Germany is selected. Current macro-environment and geopolitical forces Macro-environment analysis of Saudi Arabia The political condition of UAE is stable and it can attract the multinational organisations to enter the market, however, corruption is present in the government sector. In addition, Saudi Government is trying to improve the employment condition by attracting the foreign companies. The economic condition in the Saudi Arabia touched all-time high with 865.35 USD billion in 2016 (Salem 2016). 60% of the population of the Saudi Arabia are in the workforce and financial institutions provide help in opening of business. Monetary and banking systems are helpful in Saudi Arabia and this country is a member of WTO and World Bank. Moreover, the mining businesses in Saudi Arabia are related to the natural gas, coal, crude oil, copper, gold, zinc and silver. Social factors of Saudi Arabia are related to people's preferences, lifestyle and improvement of financial conditions among people. In Saudi, the western lifestyle is missing and Islamic influences are high, the people do recreational activ ities and companies in Saudi Arabia allow the foreign people to be in well-paid positions. Purchasing Power Parity of the customers based on GDP was estimated to USD 55158 (Wright 2016). In Saudi Arabia, technological factors are related to the young professionals who have good knowledge in information technologies and the companies have been using software, IT, satellite and mobile technologies. In mining and metal industry, all equipment is present. Geopolitical forces: The policy of Saudi Arabia is mainly focused on the cooperation with Gulf-states and the country mainly believes in the unity of Arab world. Saudi Arabia is a part of the Non-Aligned Movement and it has made a Pro-western camp with making a partnership with the US, Jordan, Egypt and other Arabian Gulf (Dickson 2015). Natural resources of Saudi Arabia are Petroleum, copper, gold, natural gas and iron-ore. These partnerships with the other countries and rich natural resources provide opportunities to open up the international relations and business opportunities. On the other side, the main concern of Saudi Arabia in recent time is the relation with the US, an effect of oil price and using the oil wealth to improve the impact of Islam. A growth rate of population in Saudi Arabia is 1.49% and life expectancy is also high. Macro-environment analysis of Germany In political factor, Germany is a federal parliamentary republic and it is situated in western-central Europe. The capital city of Germany is Berlin and in Government, it has three levels where responsibilities, roles and power are vested perfectly. Germany follows the laws of EU as it was the founder member of EU (Cecil 2015). The political situation of the country is stable and a major political power in Europe. In economic factor, Germany is the fourth largest economy in the world according to GDP and it is fifth largest in purchasing power parity. The country is the large exporter and the industries like healthcare, automotive, beer and IT are world class. Many large multinational companies have headquarters in Germany, like Adidas, Siemens, SAP, Porsche, Volkswagen and many others. Current GDP of Germany is growing strong and it represents 5.60% of world economy. In social factors, Germany is a developed country and the people experience the high standard of living and it has po wer in global and regional affairs. The disposable income of the people is high and estimated $53,000 annually (Cortizo and Keyt 2013). In technology, Germany plays an important role in the international market as most of the world leaders in technology are from German. Germany's participation in the EU has a major impact on other EU based countries to have help in technology. Moreover, in mining and metals-related technologies, it is equipped with geological, mineralogical and natural science technologies. Geopolitical forces: Germany is also a member of NATO, OECD, G4, G8 and UN Secretary Council. Germany maintains a good relation of 229 diplomatic missions with more than 188 countries. It is one of the major powers in global affairs and European regions. Federal departments play a major role in making foreign policies and Bundestag acts in a notable manner in a supervisory capacity (En.portal.santandertrade.com 2017). Peaceful collaboration is Germany's major aim and it has always been in the forefront in political achievement in a European context (Export.gov 2017). Natural resources of Germany are mainly coal (Bituminous, ignite coal, natural gas, copper, nickel, iron ore, uranium and potash. Germanys population growth rate is 1.2% and life expectancy in this country is high 81 years. These forces can help an organisation like Rio Tinto to feel safe to enter the German market and expand in the European section. Development of each countrys trade and business policy Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia has made a development strategy to diversify its economy through natural gas, crude oil and mining industry. This mining and crude oil industry provide almost 23% of real GDP and the development strategy of the Saudi Arabia is based on the liberal trade regime and it has been going through structural reforms to make it more business-friendly environment. Saudi Arabia aligned the tariff to GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) external tariff and the transition period is three years and it was there until 2011. Saudi Arabia has simple MFN (Most Favoured Nation) tariff that has 19 tariffs has mixed rates (En.portal.santandertrade.com 2017). However, there are some products that are prohibited due to religious reasons like swine and alcoholic beverages. Saudi Arabia does not impose excise duty, VAT and any other internal tax on produced or imported products. Average MFN is applied on tariff is 5.2% in Saudi Arabia and it is predefined as WTO. The development strategy provided good economic benefit from the perspective of the country as GDP grew almost 3.2% in annual average and inflation is increased average 4.5%. A report published by UNCTAD, Saudi Arabia is the third largest recipient of FDI in Asia and it is estimated to 7.43 billion (Doingbusiness.org 2017). FDI inflows in Saudi Arabia in the mining industry were 2.4% in 2015. Germany Germany has bureaucratic procedures and it is a little bit difficult to handle for the organisations that wish to enter the German market. The German trade policy has complex safety standards and it makes a complicated access for most of the US based products. Germany follows mainly EU based rules for export and import and TARIC is the governing body to determine the license for a particular product. German advocates FEP (Foreign Direct Policies) that can force to limit the market forces (Export.gov 2017). German has made a liberal camp with Netherland, Denmark, Finland and Sweden in trading and in international level, Germany is considered as competence for FDI and according to UNCTAD, Germany is considered as a 10th preferred country to do the business. As a member of OECD, Germany adheres to the capital movement and invisible operation (Cortizo and Keyt 2014). In the previous system, Germany had a boundary in foreign investment and it was used inbound investment. There is a restri ction on private direct investment and trading to Germany. In transport, waterways, airport and maritime transport, German policy states that foreign-owned company must be registered in the Federal Republic of Germany. Identification of potential dangers, risks and opportunities Risk and dangers in current policies of Saudi Arabia a) In recent time, Saudi Arabia is observing a downward trend in FDI flows as FDI inflows fell by 8.6% compared to 2015 (Dickson 2015). The reasons behind the investment slowed down are the social and political tensions and reduced accessed of credit, moreover, the policy of Sauditisation is another reason in lower FDI. Foreigners cannot invest directly in some of the sectors. b) Saudi Arabia has undertaken the reformation policy of foreign investment, however, a legal framework is disturbing in order to solve the commercial disputes. In applying the intellectual property, the companies are having issue and Government has applied a percentage to employ Saudi people in the companies. Government is making delay in signing the contract and making payment. It takes time For Saudi Arabia to establish legal entities to get the licences. c) Conservative culture of Saudi Arabia is another issue for expatriates and in the workplace, enforced segregation of sexes (Vassiliev 2013). The investors face hardship in identifying the suitable sponsors in the initial stage to enter the market and it is needed to find an appropriate Saudi partner. Opportunities a) Saudi Arabia provides strengths in business policy as it does not need taxation on personal income and it has proximity in gulf markets. b) Saudi Arabia is key members of the Gulf Cooperation Council and it is the largest economy as well as the population in the Gulf region (Salem 2016). Once, Saudi Arabia entered into WTO, FDI climate has been improved and this country's strong side is economic stability, large local market, mines, the high spending power of companies and customers and banking system. c) Investors and multinational companies are observing rapid diversification in investment in Saudi economy and government are making a massive investment in infrastructure, transport, education, energy and healthcare. In business, Saudi companies use English as a mode of communication. Risk and dangers in current police of Germany a) In the year 2015, the FDI reached to USD33 billion, however, the inflows decreased to USD 9.5 billion in 2016 (Export.gov 2017). However, the tax rate in the Germany is high because the Germany tries to control the export from the US. b) In Germany, public financial institutions are structurally high in deficit and Eastern part of the Germany is not so developed economically and it is trying to catch up the Western part. However, ageing population is another problem in the growth of the workforce. c) Germany has been facing the issue of financing by the EU and with German Federal entities and the German government does not help in the initial investment phase. Opportunities a) Germany has an opportunity in the powerful industrial network and the Germany has skilled labours equipped with technologies. Germany has the reliable infrastructure in doing the business economic and politically. The legal framework is helpful and it is situated in heart of the Europe. b) Germany has the largest population in EU and it has competitive taxation (Cecil 2015). c) Germany provides favourable incentives for investment to multinational companies to Research Development and to enter the market. Conclusions Between these two countries, Saudi Arabia would be more appropriate to enter for Rio Tinto. In recent time, Saudi Arabia has projected a growth rate of 9% in the mining industry and it is the third pillar of the economy. Saudi Arabia has Arabian Shield where rocks had core minerals of iron ore, bauxite, copper, gold and silver, however, the non-metallic minerals are abundant. Saudi Arabia government has given greater access to the foreign companies in the mining industry and it is estimated to provide $26 billion by the end of 2020 adding 25,000 employment. The Government of Saudi started to invest in infrastructure and government wants large privatisation programme to train the national workforce, enhance raw materials and foster economic development and stable exchange rate. In case of first-stage processed products, the tariff has 4.2% and fully-processed products, the tariff rate is 5.5%. The tariff escalation is observed from first to the final stage and mixed protection of tari ff is seen in the metallic and non-metallic mineral products. Rio Tinto will get assistance to expand the business in Gulf countries and these countries have mines and Saudi Arabia is one of the world's 25 largest economies with aiming the top in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia is providing substantial cost advantage with low domestic cost in industrial land and cost of energy. Rio Tinto could get free access to other MENA economies and GCC countries and enjoy good transport and infrastructure. Reference List Cecil, L., 2015. Albert Ballin: business and politics in imperial Germany, 1888-1918. Princeton University Press. Cortizo, F.R. and Keyt, B., 2013. Climate Change and Flood Protection in Germany: Business Opportunities. Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation, 2013(6), pp.7319-7321. Dickson, H.R.P., 2015. The Arab of the Desert (RLE Saudi Arabia): A Glimpse Into Badawin Life in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia (Vol. 1). Abingdon: Routledge. Doingbusiness.org. 2017. Doing Business in Saudi Arabia - World Bank Group. Available at: https://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/saudi-arabia [Accessed on 11 Dec. 2017]. En.portal.santandertrade.com. 2017. Business practices in Saudi Arabia - Santandertrade.com. Available at: https://en.portal.santandertrade.com/establish-overseas/saudi-arabia/business-practices [Accessed on 11 Dec. 2017]. En.portal.santandertrade.com. 2017. Operating a business in Germany - Santandertrade.com. Available at: https://en.portal.santandertrade.com/establish-overseas/germany/operating-a-business [Accessed on 11 Dec. 2017]. Export.gov. 2017. Germany - 1-Openness to Restrictions upon Foreign Investment | export.gov. Available at: https://www.export.gov/article?id=Germany-Openness-to-and-Restrictions-upon-Foreign-Investment [Accessed on 11 Dec. 2017]. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014. Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. London: Cengage Learning. Peppard, J. and Ward, J., 2016. The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Riotinto.com. 2017. About Rio Tinto. Available at: https://www.riotinto.com/about-us-108.aspx [Accessed on 11 Dec. 2017]. Salem, M.I., 2016. The role of business incubators in the economic development of Saudi Arabia. The International Business Economics Research Journal (Online), 13(4), p.853. Vassiliev, A., 2013. The History of Saudi Arabia. London: Saqi. Wright Jr, J.W. ed., 2016. Business and economic development in Saudi Arabia. Berlin: Springer.

Title Smile More Essays - Facial Expressions,

Title: Smile More General purpose: To persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade my fellow classmates the good benefits of smiling and to smile more. Thesis: Smiling makes people more attractive, it may brighten up another person's day and it may also reduce stress. Attention Step:"A smile cost nothing, but creates much. It enriches those who receive, without impoverishing those who give. It happens in a flash and the memory of it sometimes last forever." -Dale Carnegie First, smiling makes people more attractive. According to Health and Fitness writer Jennipher Walters, smiling makes you more attractive because people usually look their best when smiling and happy! Also, on the same article Walter states that smiling makes you look younger because it gives your face a natural uplift. Smile More! Second, a smile can change another person's state. According to sunwarrior.com smiling can change another person's mood from positive energy and it is also contagious. Smile More! Moreover, smiling changes your mood. According to bodyandsoul.com smiling reduces stress and can also change your mood. Also stated, psychologists have found if you grin for 60 seconds no matter how fake or forced it feels, it releases serotonin (a compound present in blood platelets and serum that constricts the blood vessels and act as a neurotransmitter) which tricks the body into making you feel happy again. Smile More! In conclusion, an easy facial expression called smiling can benefit you in many positive ways! As I stated before, it makes you more attractive, it can brighten up another person's day, and it can also reduce stress. If you don't remember anything else I've said please remember to smile. I promise it will benefit you in so many ways that you don't know. Less frowning more smiling. Need Step: Nicotine is thousand times more potent than alcohol and 5-10 times more powerful than cocaine or morphine. It is one of the most addictive of all drugs. References http://www.sunwarrior.com/news/15-health-bnefits-of-smiling/ http://www.sparkpeople.com/resource/wellness_articles.asp?id=1529 HYPERLINK "http://www.bodyandsoul.com.au/sex+relationships/wellbeing/ten+reasons+to+smile,10763%20%20" http://www.bodyandsoul.com.au/sex+relationships/wellbeing/ten+reasons+to+smile,10763

Blessing Commentary

Blessing Commentary Blessing CommentaryThe poem "Blessing" by Imtiaz Dharker is set in a village that is experiencing a drought (Blessing by Imtiaz Dharker). The poem talks about the villagers' reaction when they encounter water on a hot day. One of the perpetually noticeable ideas is that water is highly essential and that it is very precious. Through the use of linguistic devices, certain words and religious references the poet enriches the meaning of the poem and conveys vividly the importance of water.The subject of the poem is water: how it is a necessity and the scarcity of water in the area the poem is set in. Through the use of language in the poem, the readers are able to see that Dharker, in this poem, considers water very important and precious, and that humans will suffer without it. This idea is highlighted in the first line of the poem, which is "the skin cracks like a pod".English: Alexander Blok's poem 'Noch, ulica, fonar...This simile highlights desiccation experienced by the villagers. It also conveys to the readers that the extent to which the water is absent is highly significant that cracks start to form on the skin due to the absence of water. Another example of water being considered highly valuable in the poem is the poet's use of the metaphor "the sudden rush/of fortune". This image resembles a jackpot winning scene, whereby money is coming out of the jackpot machine continuously. The use of the word "fortune" implies that water here is valued as a priceless object. The fact that this particular word is usually associated with enormous sums of money and wealth conveys to the readers the idea that the water that spills from the "municipal pipe" is almost of incalculable value and is highly sought after. This idea of...

Female Employees Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Female Employees - Case Study Example Indeed, this article is quite insightful. It has important lessons that can help in understanding about the process of selection and recruitment of employees. First, I learnt that it is legally right for any organization to offer equal treatment and opportunities to all employees irrespective of their gender. Even women have important contributions to make towards the success of the organization. Secondly, an organization should ensure that it comes up with creative and feasible measures to ensure that female employees are not frustrated, but motivated to continue serving the organization. Once this is done, they can not quit, but feel motivated to serve and develop their career. Female employees need to be treated with caution because, unlike their male counterpart, they face a myriad of challenges that they need to be helped to overcome. Response to Critical Thinking Questions Q1 The departure of women is an issue to organizations because they constitute an important segment of workforce. Just men, women are needed in any organization because they also have important contributions to make. In fact, there are certain roles that can be best performed by women. Also, it is legally and ethically right for an organization to give equal employment opportunity to men and women. It can help it to have a good reputation. Q2 In my opinion, it is really unfair for women to be offered dismal packages on their re-entry. Once a worker has reached a certain level in their career, they need to be offered appropriate remuneration.

Emergency Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Emergency Management - Essay Example According to the Texas Impact (2008), at the time of the flood, â€Å"the ARC set up food and water stations, provided medical care, and established mass shelters to house the disaster victims.† Leading on from the performance of the American Red Cross in this disaster, it organization was granted a federal charter in 1900 by congress to provide support in time of disaster. A lot more non-governmental agencies and charity organizations were given similar recognition in major disasters such as â€Å"the Galveston Hurricane and Storm Surge in 1900, San Francisco Earthquake in 1906, the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, and the droughts of 1930-1931† (Texas Impact). Though the efforts of the non-governmental organizations were commendable, the task seemed just too much to be left to their care alone especially as government least supported them with funds (Sylves, 2008). Concerns were therefore raised in the mid 1900s as the situation was eventually curtailed in 1950 when congress passed what came to be known as the Federal Disaster Relief Program (FDP). The FDP transferred power to the president from congress. With this power, the president was then mandated to be the sole authority that could declare disaster. FEMA (2011) notes that the Stafford Act (1988) â€Å"constitutes the statutory authority for most Federal disaster response activities especially as they pertain to FEMA and FEMA programs.† The Stafford Act is quite limited in the kind of relief or support it can give out in time of a major disaster or an emergency (Meola, 2011). The first of these relief assistances is emergency work, which is carried out upon the instruction of the president. The emergency work includes such activities as clearing and removing debris, restoration of public facilities and freeing wreckage. The support also includes the provision of legal services, giving out unemployment assistance, giving out of food coupons for the onward

Managing Cost of Quality Essay Example for Free

Managing Cost of Quality Essay Article Reference: Schiffauerova, A. and Thomson, V., â€Å"Managing cost of quality: Insight into industry practice†, The TQM Magazine, 2006 Abstract This paper reports on the study of the quality costing practices at four large successful multinational companies. All four companies use systematic quality initiatives; however, a formal cost of quality (CoQ) methodology was only employed at one of them. This is in agreement with the literature findings arguing that a CoQ approach is not utilized in most quality management programs. The article discusses and compares the quality programs of all four companies and explains the benefits of the eventual adoption of a CoQ approach in each case. The analysis provides a new insight into company practice, useful not only for academic research, but also for use by industry. Keywords: Cost of quality, CoQ, quality costing, industrial practice Introduction Improving quality is considered by many to be the best way to enhance customer satisfaction, to reduce manufacturing costs and to increase productivity. Any serious attempt to improve quality must take into account the costs associated with achieving quality, since nowadays it does not suffice to meet customer requirements, it must be done at the lowest possible cost as well. This can only happen by reducing the costs needed to achieve quality, and the reduction of these costs is only possible if they are identified and measured. The identification itself is not straightforward because there is no general agreement on a single broad definition of quality costs. However, according to Dale and Plunkett (1995), it is now widely accepted that quality costs are the costs incurred in the design, implementation, operation and maintenance of a quality management system, the cost of resources committed to continuous improvement, the costs of system, product and service failures, and all other necessary costs and non-value added activities required to achieve a quality product or service. Measuring and reporting these costs should be considered a critical issue for any manager who aims to achieve competitiveness in today’s markets. There are several methods that can be used to collect, categorize and measure quality costs. The traditional P-A-F method suggested by Juran (1951) and Feigenbaum (1956) classifies quality costs into prevention, appraisal and failure costs. Prevention costs are associated with actions taken to ensure that a process provides quality products and services, appraisal costs are associated with measuring the level of quality attained by the process, and failure costs are incurred to correct quality in products and services before (internal) or after (external) delivery to the customer. The cost categories of Crosby’s model (Crosby, 1979) are similar to the P-A-F scheme. Crosby sees quality as â€Å"conformance to requirements†, and therefore, defines the cost of quality as the sum of price of conformance and price of noncon formance (Crosby, 1979). The price of conformance is the cost involved in making certain that things are done right the first time and the price of non-conformance is the money wasted when work fails to conform to customer requirements. Another formal quality costing approach is the process cost model, which was developed by Ross (1977) and first used for quality costing by Marsh (1989); it represents quality cost systems that focus on process rather than products or services. Several references propose CoQ models that include the additional category of intangible costs. These are costs that can be only estimated such as profits not earned because of lost customers and reduction in revenue owing to non-conformance. The importance of opportunity and intangible costs for quality costing has been recently emphasized in the literature. Dale and Plunkett (1999) describe a less formal method based on collecting quality costs by department. Another recently proposed CoQ methodology is a method based on a team appro ach, in which the aim is to identify the costs associated with things that have gone wrong in a process (Robison, 1997). No matter which quality costing approach is used, the main idea behind the CoQ analysis is the linking of improvement activities with associated costs and customer expectations, thus allowing targeted action for reducing quality costs and increasing quality improvement benefits. Therefore, a realistic estimate of CoQ, which is the appropriate tradeoff between the levels of conformance and non-conformance costs, should be considered an essential element of any quality initiative and a crucial issue for any manager. A number of organizations are now seeking both theoretical advice and practical evidence about quality related costs and the implementation of quality costing systems. A reasonable amount of detailed information on various methods of categorization, collection and measurement of quality costs can be found in the literature (Plunkett and Dale, 1987; Williams et al., 1999; Schiffauerova and Thomson, 2004). However, there are only a few published, practical examples from indus try that give specifics about the costs that are included or excluded in quality costing and about how the costs are practically collected and measured. More detailed descriptions of CoQ systems from industry can be found in Whitehall (1986), Hesford and Dale (1991) and Purgslove and Dale (1996). This paper intends to contribute to this area by providing an analysis of the quality costing practices of four successful companies. Research Intent and Methodology The objective of this research was to obtain and analyze data concerning the practices of successful companies in the area of quality management. Specifically, the main interest was to investigate if these companies collect, measure and monitor quality costs, which kinds of costs were considered in the calculations, and whether any formal CoQ approach was used. The analysis provided a new insight into company practice, useful not only for academic research, but also for use by industry. Four companies were selected to participate in the research. The main objective of the selection was to identify the organizations with well established quality programs belonging to the different industrial sectors. Companies serving the same market could have been reluctant to share details concerning their quality practices with competition. This paper keeps the company names confidential and refers to them as Company A, B, C and D. A benchmarking session took place at McGill University. The quality management programs running at the four companies were described by company representatives. The organizations utilized this occasion as an occasion to obtain new information on the practices used at other companies and to mutually compare their experiences, efforts and successes. Summary of the Benchmarking Session This section summarizes the initiatives in the field of CoQ for the four participants. A comparative analysis of their quality strategies and final remarks follow. Company A Company A is a telecommunication company. It has very complex products, and therefore, the number of opportunities for defects per unit is very high (45,000 defect opportunities per assembly). However, Company A’s customers expect zero defects. Quality initiatives therefore play an important role in the company’s product management. Company A’s model for cost of quality measurement and calculation follow the P-A-F model, where CoQ = (P + A + F (internal + external) + other costs)/cost of goods sold. Company A is well aware of formal cost of quality methods and it has clearly determined its CoQ definitions. It knows exactly what are its conformance and non-conformance costs; however, it struggles to find out the shape of its CoQ curves, and hence, an optimum CoQ tactic. The search for an optimum CoQ is difficult because the business cycle changes often (every 2 years or less); product lines are released in phases, and component obsolescence and multiple engineering changes are quite common. Every change causes a new search for an optimum CoQ; moreover, different product lines require separate review, and variable volumes reduce optimization opportunities. Company A uses an activity based management approach, which means that it uses activity-based costing (ABC) to determine cost categories. It maps financial categories into activity costs, and activities performed at cost centers are rolled up to aggregate quality costs and percentages. In this way, the company obtains exact information about every category: prevention costs, appraisal costs, as well as internal and external failure costs. An example of activity costs is given in Table I, and the resulting CoQ chart is shown in Figure 1. Table I: Example of activity costs in Company A Activity primary OPD Change Management Internal Quality Issues External Quality Issues DFX, NPI support Proto Support PLC Deliverables Mfg Tools Quality Reporting Other Cost of quality category Failure Internal Prevention Failure Internal Failure External Prevention Prevention Appraisal Prevention Appraisal Cost of Business Totals Activity % 8% 12% 17% 9% 4% 6% 22% 6% 10% 6% 100% Cost categories Salaries Depreciation Suppliers Others Company A uses other metrics for performance comparisons, such as ‘new versus mature product’ or ’part number based CoQ ratio’. CoQ is measured at individual test stages, which allows trend analysis and comparison using mature product as the benchmark for new product. Figure 2 shows the decreasing trend of CoQ for manufacturing operations. The graph shows a decrease for all CoQ components; however, it is failure costs which show the biggest reduction, about 40 % over 18 months. The breakdown of CoQ and its cost values are measured quarterly. % Figure 2: CoQ in manufacturing operations for Company A shown on a relative cost scale. Company A has been using their CoQ methodology successfully. The company declares savings in quality costs, has quality improvement in every part of their process, and achieves very aggressive improvement targets. Moreover, the end customer directly benefits from the inhouse quality initiative. As a result, customer satisfaction is increasing. Company B Company B is a multinational microelectronics company, which dedicates a lot of effort to quality improvement. Their far-reaching and successful quality improvement program is the main axis of their quality initiatives. The program includes continuous improvement focused on process as well as extensive education and training on quality for all employees. Despite the fact that there is a great interest in reducing non-conformance cost, Company B does not measure, report or chart CoQ. It does not use any formal CoQ model and does not try to optimize cost of quality. Nevertheless, it does reduce cost due to poor quality through its continuous improvement activities. The company has a strong operations and process focus, where emphasis is put on process yield and cycle time improvement. It believes that a continuous quality improvement program focused on process will provide the opportunities for quality improvement and thus reduction in cost of quality. Company C Company C is in the aerospace industry and emphasizes products with near zero defects. Company C describes its cost of poor quality model as an iceberg philosophy, where just a few categories for poor quality cost are measured and monitored. This is, however, just the tip of the iceberg, since most of the cost factors leading to poor quality are non-visible or completely hidden (and non-quantifiable). Company C has implemented a process that allows tracking of all non-quality events and associated root causes as well as corrective actions and lessons learned. It puts full attention into measuring the cost of poor quality. It has 4 main quality ratings, which measure nonconformities (scrap, rework, etc.), poor adherence to specifications (internal, external, customers’, suppliers’), number of defective parts in parts per million, and on-time delivery. Their cost of non-quality is systematically reduced through a corporate-wide initiative based on continuous improvement. It also uses a sophisticated IT system for tracking quality. Although Company C has had success in improving the value of non-conforming quality costs, it does not use any CoQ model, and it does not include the cost of quality among its calculation elements. Company D Company D is a manufacturer of home products. It has set its quality level at a fixed warranty rate, and it attempts to optimize its quality effort to achieve this target. At the time of the benchmarking session, the company did not measure CoQ; however, it was planning to do so and was building a CoQ model. The envisioned CoQ program was based on a P-A-F model. The strategy of Company D was to directly attack failure costs in an attempt to drive them down, to invest in the right prevention activities to bring about improvements, to reduce appraisal costs according to achieved results, and to continuously evaluate and redirect prevention efforts to gain further improvements. Discussion Table II shows a comparison of the quality initiatives and CoQ effort carried out by the four companies. The following discussion is focused on the relation between the quality strategies and the industrial sectors, on the kinds of CoQ models used, on the satisfaction with company efforts, the results stemming from the quality costing programs, and the recommendations by the authors of this paper. Table II: Comparison of quality initiatives of four companies Company A B C D COC CONC P-A-F ABC Quality costs CONC + COC CONC CONC CONC Formal CoQ model P-A-F + ABC none none none Quality efforts intensive intensive intensive moderate Program satisfaction high high high moderate cost of conformance cost of non-conformance traditional model including: prevention + appraisal + failure costs activity-based costing Quality Strategies The business environment, which is the industry sector and product line, dictates the strategy adopted by the companies to assure achievement of the required level of quality. Companies A, B and C all work in high-tech industries that require very high levels of quality, and therefore, they all have quite elaborate quality and productivity improvement systems with the objective to achieve zero or near zero defects. Company D, which serves home product markets, uses a fixed rate of return through its warranty policy as its quality limit. The company, however, does have a continuous improvement program. Quality Costs Table II suggests that Company A is the only one that in fact measures both kinds of quality costs, conformance and non-conformance. This allows the company to search for the right balance between the amount spent on quality and the resulting benefits. Companies B and C both regard reducing non-conformance cost as a high priority, and therefore, they exert substantial efforts in measuring and monitoring failures and other nonconformances. At the same time, they use elaborate, systematic quality improvement programs in order to reach a zero defect quality level. The direction of these initiatives is consistent with the industry quality environment, which tolerates absolutely no defect, no matter what the cost is. Conformance costs are consequently given much less attention in the quality management programs and measuring them together with the cost of non-conformance is therefore disregarded. The situation for Company D is however quite different. Even though the company also does not measure conformance costs, the nature of its own quality strategy suggests that it would benefit greatly if it started doing so. Identification and measurement of both kinds of the quality costs would certainly improve the quality policy that Company D follows. The policy has a determined rate of return as its quality limit. Being able to find an appropriate trade-off between conformance and non-conformance costs would help Company D determine an optimal level of effort towards achieving quality. Formal CoQ Methods Literature (for example, Porter and Rayner, 1992; Schiffauerova and Thomson, 2004) suggests that, if quality costs are measured by companies, then the classical P-A-F model is the one most frequently used in practice. Even within the limited sample of four companies, P-A-F was the only model encountered. Company A is currently calculating its quality costs according to the tradit ional categorization of prevention, appraisal and failure costs. Moreover, Company D claims that it is planning to utilize this model in the near future as well. The results of this research therefore confirm other researchers’ findings on the frequency of the use of the P-A-F method in industry. Focus by companies on the classical P-A-F methodology is not surprising; however, there are several other alternatives available for monitoring CoQ. Other quality costing methods, such as Crosby’s model or process cost model, are being used with success (Schiffauerova and Thomson, 2004). Every company has to choose an appropriate CoQ method that suits its needs and its situation best. For a detailed checklist of the issues to be considered when deciding on a CoQ approach, see Dale and Plunkett (1995) Activity-based costing (ABC) is considered to be more compatible with quality cost measurement systems than traditional accounting. Although most CoQ measurement methods are activity/process oriented, traditional cost accounting establishes cost accounts by the categories of expenses instead of activities. Thus, many CoQ elements need to be estimated or collected by other methods. There is no consensus method on how to allocate overheads to CoQ elements and no adequate method to trace quality costs to their sources (Tsai, 1998). The use of ABC for a CoQ calculation is therefore an appealing alternative, and Company A is benefiting from this powerful combination. The employment of a CoQ approach together with ABC enables Company A to obtain exact information about every CoQ category: prevention costs, appraisal costs as well as internal and external failure costs. Companies B and C do not utilize any formal quality costing system. This is in agreement with the common suggestion that the CoQ approach is not fully appreciated by organizations and the practical use of formal quality costing in industry is quite rare. Satisfaction with Quality Efforts The quality initiatives of companies A, B, and C are very elaborate and the amount of effort is intensive. Whether they use a formal CoQ method or they solely aim at a reduction in the cost of poor quality, the companies obtain excellent results from their quality programs. All three companies mentioned a high satisfaction with their quality efforts during the benchmarking session. Judging by the success of Company A with its CoQ program, we suggest that companies B and C would benefit from measuring CoQ, and that they would be surprised if they knew their real quality costs. These companies should select an appropriate CoQ model that suits the company’s situation and implement the quality costing methodology in order to improve the efficiency of their quality initiatives. Monitoring quality costs would allow them to better identify target areas for cost reduction and quality improvement. Moreover, sufficient savings should occur to justify CoQ measurement expenses. Company D has a continuous improvement program that brings it moderate results and is already looking to improve it by implementing a CoQ strategy. As mentioned above, the implementation of a suitable CoQ method would secure reduced costs and improved quality benefits for Company D. Summary Even though quality is nowadays considered to be a critical success factor for achieving competitiveness, the CoQ approach is not fully appreciated by organizations, and only a minority of them use formal quality costing methods. The four companies that participated in the benchmarking session with McGill University on cost of quality have systematic quality initiatives, and have been successful in improving quality and reducing the cost of nonconformance. However, the only company that measures cost of quality and uses a formalized CoQ model is Company A. Company D is at the point of starting to use this quality measur ement tool as well; however, it is at the beginning of this path. On the other hand, Company B and Company C focus their quality efforts solely on continuous quality improvement. They measure, monitor and work mostly with the cost of non-conformance, and do not formally include cost of conformance in their analysis. It was recommended that companies B, C and D set up a suitable formal quality costing system compatible with the needs and the situation of each company. For companies B and C this program will mainly facilitate identification of the target areas for quality improvement and cost reduction in quality effort. For Company D it would also help balance its quality costs and establish an optimal level of effort towards achieving quality. CoQ programs should be part of any quality management program. The methodology is not complex and is well documented. CoQ programs provide a good method for identification and measurement of quality costs, and thus allow targeted action for reducing CoQ. Further education on the practical level is needed for managers to understand better the CoQ concept in order to appreciate fully the benefits of the approach, to increase their ability to implement a CoQ measurement system and to save money. References Crosby, P.B. (1979), Quality is Free, New York: McGraw-Hill Dale, B.G. and Plunkett, J.J. (1995), Quality Costing, 2nd edition, Chapman and Hall, London Dale, B.G. and Plunkett, J.J. (1999), Quality Costing,3rd edition, Gower Press, Aldershot Feigenbaum, A.V. (1956), â€Å"Total quality control†, Harvard Business Review, Vol.34, Hesford, M.G. and Dale, B.G. (1991), â€Å"Quality costing at British Aerospace Dynamics†, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Vol.205 (G5), p.53 Juran, J.M. (1951), Quality Control Handbook, 1st edition, McGraw-Hill, New York Marsh, J. (1989), â€Å"Process modeling for quality improvement†, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Total Quality Management, p.111 Plunkett, J.J. and Dale, B.G. (1987), â€Å"A review of the literature on quality-related costs†, International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol.4, No.1, p.40 Porter, L.J. and Rayner, P. (1992), â€Å"Quality costing for total quality management†, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 27, p.69 Purgslove, A.B. and Dale, B.G. (1996), â€Å"The influence of management information and quality management systems on the development of quality costing†, Total Quality Management, Vol.7, No.4, p.421 Robison, J. (1997), â€Å"Integrate quality cost concepts into team problem-solving efforts†, Quality Progress, March, p. 25 Ross, D.T. (1977), â€Å"Structured analysis (SA): A language for communicating ideas†, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol.SE-3, No.1, p.16 Schiffauerova, A. and Thomson, V. (2006), â€Å"A review of research on cost of quality models and best practices†, International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol.23, No.4 Tsai, W.H. (1998), â€Å"Quality cost measurement under activity-based costing†, International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol.15, No.6, p.719 Whitehall, F.B. (1986), â€Å"Review of problems with a quality cost system†, International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol.3, No.3, p.43 Williams, A.R.T., van der Wiele, A. and Dale, B.G. (1999), â€Å"Quality costing: a management review†, International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol.1, No.4, p.441

My Philosophy of Education Essay -- Teaching Teacher Education Essays

My Philosophy of Education Education. What is education? Education is a field of study dealing with methods of teaching and learning. Many children in the world today are getting some kind of education. Whether it is at home or in a classroom, education is everywhere. Many of the teachers today have a philosopher that they use as a reference to their everyday teaching or use some of their methods to teach their students. In this paper I'm going to express my meaning of education and the different aspects that each and every teacher should follow. I'm going to start with nature of students than follow into with these topics: nature of knowledge, purpose of education, why it is important, things I want to accomplish as a teacher, and the things I want my students to accomplish. Then later on I'm going to talk about my teaching methods, discipline, and curriculum. Children in this day and time are not all alike. They look different, talk different, and even have different customs. Today though we really don't focus on those topics too much. As teachers we look at the intelligence level each student has. Each and every kids has a different level of intelligence so we as teachers need to focus more on those students who are slower than the other students. Now Rousseau said that "every child was born with the same intelligence" and from that quote I would have to disagree. The reason I disagree is because if every child was born with the same intelligence then we wouldn't have students in LD classes. 1 believe the way Plato did. I believe that the children are influenced by their environment. The environment is a big factor in kids lives. It allows them to express their personalities, inner and outer appearances, an... ...you get up to got to school, how will you do your assignments, and how will you stay awake in class. I'm not going to be like some teachers who just rollout the ball and let the students play, I plan to teach step by step skills. Hopefully the school systems will not take out physical education, because that is all the exercise "some students get. As you can see education is very important in my eyes. I plan to let my students know how important it is to me and how important it should be to them. Every year theories either stay the same or they change in a small way. Just like knowledge. My understanding of knowledge, nature of students, purpose of education, and sub-topics, methods and curriculum will probably change also, but who knows. Maybe some new philosopher will make me see education in some other way. I'm willing to increase my knowledge and education.

Dr. Seuss’s the Sneetches

The Sneetches Book Analysis By: Matthew Strong The Sneetches by Dr. Seuss is the title story in a playfully written series of short stories that subtly illustrate very crucial moral and social issues that are still very relevant in today’s society, despite the book being published in 1961. Now, obviously this story can be read for sheer pleasure, however upon rereading it as an adult I, walked away with a much more profound enlightenment at the overall message conveyed by The Sneetches. There are multiple dilemmas/ social issues that significantly stand out, and these will be the ones addressed and analyzed in more depth.Issues such as racism and the keeping up with the Joneses mentality that is so prevalent in today’s consumerist society. Of course these are not the only issues brought up within The Sneetches, but simply the ones that I feel are conveyed the strongest by Dr. Seuss through his illustrations and his obscure, yet delightful use of literature that has made him such a world renowned author of children’s books. Keeping up with the Joneses is a popular term that summarizes the widespread and cyclical effect of defining oneself by what they possess, in an effort to reach a higher social status.Dr. Seuss precipitates this effect by introducing the very clearly spoken and keen character of Sylvester McMonkey McBean (Giesel, 9). After effectively raising the social status of the Plain-Bellied Sneetches by adding a star to their bellies he immediately initiate’s the consumerist cycle by stating, â€Å"belly stars are no longer in style† (Giesel, 17). Dr. Seuss illustrates the ensuing dilemma that perfectly depicts the desire to achieve social and cultural superiority by the Sneetches, while also detailing Sylvester McMonkey McBean amassing a large fortune in the background (Giesel, 20).The character of Sylvester McMonkey McBean represents an uncanny similarity to that of the big business industries that use consumerism a s a means to control the buying public. He continually raises his prices and dictates the newest trends so that the Sneetches raced through the machines constantly changing their stars every minute or two (Giesel, 22). Dr. Seuss is discreetly pointing out that by constantly defining our social status by what we possess, we will inherently ause conflict and unfortunately in today’s consumerist society, there will always be people who take advantage of humanities desire to define ourselves for a profit. Racism is arguably the most prominent moral issue portrayed within The Sneetches. Dr. Seuss almost immediately starts off the story with a seemingly irrelevant difference between two otherwise indistinguishable Sneetches. The line â€Å"Those stars weren’t so big. They were really so small, you might think such a thing didn’t matter at all† (Giesel, 3) is used to foreshadow how such a small star will have such a vast impact throughout the story.Racism can be defined in many ways, however in this context it can be put simply as a belief that members of a certain race possess characteristics that they use to distinguish themselves from another race, in an effort to be perceived as superior. I see the theme of racism throughout the entire story but it is most evident in the first few pages, where as a reader you become acclimated to the fact that the Star-Bellied Sneetches truly do believe they are more privileged by the way that they carry themselves with their snoots in the air and such a pretentious demeanour (Giesel, 4).Dr. Seuss further emphasizes this belief of superiority during the following paragraphs when he describes how the Plain-Belly Sneetches were not allowed to join in games of ball or attend parties and picnics hosted by the Star-Belly Sneetches. The Plain-Belly Sneetches remain depressed and oppressed, clear indicators that the factors of racism have been evidently established between the two types of Sneetches for a lon g period of time. Dr.Seuss uses very thin horizontal and diagonal lines to really capture the energy and excitement of the Star-Bellied Sneetches, while also using the same technique to convey the depressed and divided mood of the Plain-Bellied Sneetches (Giesel, 6). Furthermore, Dr. Seuss practically reverses the colour palate from the previous pages to strengthen the emotion displayed by the two types of Sneetches (Giesel, 7). The illustrations on pages six and seven compliment the text perfectly as Dr. Seuss describes how deep rooted and developed the segregation between the Sneetches truly is when he says â€Å"They left them out cold, in the dark of the beaches.They kept them away. Never let them come near. And that’s how they treated them year after year† (Giesel, 7). It is with that paragraph that Dr. Seuss used seemingly primitive imaginary creatures to emphasize a very realistic and relevant human rights issue. Racism and all of its awful subcategories such as prejudice, discrimination and segregation don’t emerge overnight; they are the result of a small-minded belief that has cultivated and grown over time like an untreated disease. Although The Sneetches is a beloved children’s book, Dr. Seuss is conveying a valuable message for all ages.With his iconic use of subtle metaphors, he is saying to not allow our trivial differences act as dividing lines in society, and that the human race can exist peacefully despite our exterior differences. Through playful commentary and relatively simplistic illustrations Dr. Seuss is able to send a very subtle, yet powerful message to the readers of The Sneetches. It becomes vividly apparent and shockingly unfortunate that a story published in 1961 can still address so many moral and social issues that are still very relevant in today’s society. Disguised as a children’s story, Dr.Seuss has conveyed very valuable lessons in racism and the desire to define ourselves by what w e possess. We are all born with innocence to the world, and therefore, how we identify ourselves, and tolerance towards others are all qualities that are taught. The overall message of this story is aimed at the adults who will be reading The Sneetches to the children of today/ tomorrow. To teach them to accept others for who they are because we are all but one component of the greater human race. Works Cited Giesel, Theodor Seuss. The Sneetches And Other Stories. New York: Random House Children’s Books, 1961. Print.

Analysis of Ben Franklins Satirical Writing - 615 Words

Jpz777 2/17/2012 Order # 2057910 After more than two centuries of mythologizing and lionizing the achievements of Americas revolutionary heroes, it is often suggested today that this nations forefathers inspired the uprising through sheer force of will, simply seizing on the simmering frustrations of a populace which held a collective desire for independence. While this certainly would have been convenient, the truth is that the American colonies prior to 1776 were a cauldron of conflicting views regarding British patronage and loyalty to the crown. Rather than a spontaneous outburst of shared dissatisfaction with royal rule, the day that independence was finally declared was preceded by another fierce fight: the battle to influence public opinion. Just as George Washington would later prove his mettle as Americas backbone during wartime, Benjamin Franklin positioned himself as the emerging nations conscience, wielding masterfully written pieces of satirical weaponry as he fought to convince commoners and aristocrat s alike of the essential need for revolution. Among Franklins most influential contributions to the debate over independence were his Edict by the King of Prussia (1773) and The Sale of the Hessians (1776), two devastating examples of satires ability to speak truth to power which enabled ordinary colonists to comprehend finally the state of bondage they toiled through. Only by comparing the fictional demands made by Franklins Prussian king to the